# 配置 pinctrl 驅動程式 Qualcomm Linux 核心中的 Pinctrl 子系統管理和配置用於通用輸入 / 輸出 (GPIO)、積體匯流排電路 (I2C)、序列周邊介面 (SPI) 及其他硬體介面的接腳。 在裝置專用的 pinctrl 驅動程式中管理 pinctrl 組態 (例如 **接腳多工** 和 **接腳分組**，驅動程式會列出所有可用的接腳和函式。 例如，`kernel-src/drivers/pinctrl/qcom/pinctrl-sc7280.c` 檔案中提供 QCS6490 的對應驅動程式。 備註 欲深入瞭解其他 Qualcomm SoC pinctrl 驅動程式，請參閱 [Pinctrl Drivers](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/tree/master/drivers/pinctrl/qcom)。 以下是 pinctrl 資料物件： 表：Pinctrl 資料物件 | 變數 | 說明 | | --- | --- | | static const struct pinctrl_pin_desc sc7280_pins
Copy to clipboard | 列舉所有接腳及其名稱 | | static const struct msm_pingroup sc7280_groups
Copy to clipboard | 定義 GPIO 接腳群組可用的多工功能 | | enum sc7280_functions
Copy to clipboard | 將所有可用函式列為列舉值 | 欲深入瞭解各個 SoC pinctrl 繫結支援的函式，請參閱 [pinctrl binding documentation](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pinctrl/qcom%2Csc7280-pinctrl.yaml)。 **函式選擇** 針對 `sc7280_functions` 資料物件，使用一或多個 GPIO 接腳作為函式，必須登錄至裝置樹並傳遞給正確的裝置節點。 在系統啟動過程中，核心 pinctrl 基礎架構會登錄函式。 以下範例呈現核心組態基礎架構： tlmm: pinctrl@f100000 { compatible = "qcom,sc7280-pinctrl"; : : : : qup_spi0_data_clk: qup-spi0-data-clk-state { pins = "gpio0", "gpio1", "gpio2"; function = "qup00"; }; qup_spi0_cs: qup-spi0-cs-state { pins = "gpio3"; function = "qup00"; }; qup_spi1_data_clk: qup-spi1-data-clk-state { pins = "gpio4", "gpio5", "gpio6"; function = "qup01"; }; qup_spi1_cs: qup-spi1-cs-state { pins = "gpio7"; function = "qup01"; }; : : : : }; spi0: spi@980000 { compatible = "qcom,geni-spi"; reg = <0 0x00980000 0 0x4000>; clocks = <&gcc GCC_QUPV3_WRAP0_S0_CLK>; clock-names = "se"; pinctrl-names = "default"; pinctrl-0 = <&qup_spi0_data_clk>, <&qup_spi0_cs>; interrupts = ; #address-cells = <1>; #size-cells = <0>; power-domains = <&rpmhpd SC7280_CX>; operating-points-v2 = <&qup_opp_table>; interconnects = <&clk_virt MASTER_QUP_CORE_0 0 &clk_virt SLAVE_QUP_CORE_0 0>, <&gem_noc MASTER_APPSS_PROC 0 &cnoc2 SLAVE_QUP_0 0>; interconnect-names = "qup-core", "qup-config"; dmas = <&gpi_dma0 0 0 QCOM_GPI_SPI>, <&gpi_dma0 1 0 QCOM_GPI_SPI>; dma-names = "tx", "rx"; status = "disabled"; }; Copy to clipboard ## 配置 GPIO 用途 GPIO 接腳配置需要以下兩個設定。這些設定定義 GPIO 接腳狀態並使這些引腳可用於任何輸入/輸出活動。 - 多工：多工設定需要選擇從 SoC 專用 pinctrl 驅動程式的可用函式集中映射的函式名稱。 欲深入瞭解 pinctrl，請參閱 [Pinctrl 組態](https://docs.qualcomm.com/doc/80-70020-3TC/topic/pinctrl-configuration.html#pinctrl-configuration)。 - 配置：配置層面需要設定驅動強度和偏差屬性。 以下範例說明這兩個設定如何依照下述程序定義 GPIO 接腳： 1. 在裝置樹中定義接腳配置： bt_en: bt-en-state { pins = "gpio85"; function = "gpio"; output-low; bias-disable; }; Copy to clipboard 2. 在裝置樹中配置裝置節點或智慧財產 (IP) 區塊： bluetooth: bluetooth { compatible = "qcom,wcn6750-bt"; pinctrl-names = "default"; pinctrl-0 = <&bt_en>, <&sw_ctrl>; enable-gpios = <&tlmm 85 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>; swctrl-gpios = <&tlmm 86 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>; vddaon-supply = <&vreg_s7b_0p9>; vddbtcxmx-supply = <&vreg_s7b_0p9>; vddrfacmn-supply = <&vreg_s7b_0p9>; vddrfa0p8-supply = <&vreg_s7b_0p9>; vddrfa1p7-supply = <&vreg_s1b_1p8>; vddrfa1p2-supply = <&vreg_s8b_1p2>; vddrfa2p2-supply = <&vreg_s1c_2p2>; vddasd-supply = <&vreg_l11c_2p8>; max-speed = <3200000>; Copy to clipboard 3. 驅動程式程式碼必須使用通用 API 在 pinctrl 組態中選擇和登錄其 GPIO 配置。 以下是可用 API 的範例： > > > devm_gpiod_get_optional(&serdev->dev, "enable", GPIOD_OUT_LOW); > > /** > * devm_gpiod_get_optional - Resource-managed gpiod_get_optional() > * @dev: GPIO consumer > * @con_id: function within the GPIO consumer > * @flags: optional GPIO initialization flags > * > * Managed gpiod_get_optional(). GPIO descriptors returned from this function > * are automatically disposed on driver detach. See gpiod_get_optional() for > * detailed information about behavior and return values. */ > > gpiod_set_value_cansleep(qcadev->bt_en, 0); > > /** > * gpiod_set_value_cansleep() - assign a gpio's value > * @desc: gpio whose value will be assigned > * @value: value to assign > * > * Set the logical value of the GPIO, i.e. taking its ACTIVE_LOW status into > * account > * > * This function is to be called from contexts that can sleep. > */ > Copy to clipboard **GPIO 作為中斷要求 (IRQ)** 若要將 GPIO 設為 IRQ，請依照下述程序操作： 1. 在 DTS 檔案中配置 GPIO 接腳： 1. 設定 GPIO 接腳的屬性和函式。 2. 設定接腳以將 GPIO 55 用於 `qup_se_l3()` 函式，組態如下： qupv3_se3_rx: qupv3-se3-rx-state { pins = "gpio55"; function = "qup03"; // To be taken from available from functions. drive-strength = <2>; bias-disable; }; Copy to clipboard 2. 為要將 GPIO 設為 IRQ 的裝置節點建立與先前的組態相似的 DT 項目。 在以下範例中，GPIO55 被配置為 IRQ，父系為頂層模式多工器 (TLMM)，層級設為高。 interrupts-extended = <&tlmm 55 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>; Copy to clipboard 3. 驅動程式必須讀取該值，並使用 `request_irq` API 以中斷形式將它登錄至通用中斷控制器 (GIC)，指定中斷服務暫存器 (ISR) 和 IRQ 旗標。 irq_no = platform_get_irq(pdev, 1); Copy to clipboard ## 配置 GPIO 以產生時脈或脈衝寬度調變 為任何 GPIO 配置 `GP_CLK` 作為替代功能，以取得時脈或脈衝寬度調變 (PWM)。 備註 以下程序適用於 QCS6490 SoC。 欲深入瞭解如何使用 `GP_CLK` 函式尋找 GPIO，請參閱 [接腳描述](https://docs.qualcomm.com/bundle/publicresource/topics/80-23889-1/pin-definitions.html#sub$pin-descriptions:~:text=and%20available%20configurations.-,Table%20%3A%20Pin%20descriptions%20%E2%80%93%20general%2Dpurpose%20input/output%20ports,-Pad%20number)。 1. 在 `kernel/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sc7280.dtsi` 檔案中新增 GPIO 組態節點。 > > > +gpio_pwm_default: gpio_pwm_default { > + mux { > + pins = "gpio42"; > + function = "gcc_gp1"; // search "gcc_gp" in "kernel/drivers/pinctrl/qcom/pinctrl-sc7280.c", From this we can find out which GPIO's has GP_CLK functionality > + }; > + > + config { > + pins = "gpio42"; > + bias-disable; /* No PULL */ > + drive-strength = <8>; /* 2 MA */ > + }; > +}; > Copy to clipboard 2. 在 `kernel/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/sc7280.dtsi` 檔案中定義裝置樹節點。 +beeper: beeper { + compatible = "gpio-beeper"; + pinctrl-names = "default"; + pinctrl-0 = <&gpio_pwm_default>; + clocks = <&clock_gcc GCC_GP1_CLK>; //clock_gcc is gcc clk device node, GCC_GP1_CLK index which defined in "kernel/include/dt-bindings/clock/qcom,gcc-sc7280.h" + clock-names = "gpio-pwm-clk"; +}; Copy to clipboard 3. 在裝置驅動程式中新增以下程式碼： +#include +#include ... + struct clk *pclk; + struct rcg_clk *gp1_rcg_clk; + int ret; + + pclk = devm_clk_get(&pdev->dev, "gpio-pwm-clk"); + ret = clk_set_rate(pclk, 50000000); // please check the freq table in kernel/drivers/clk/qcom/gcc-sc7280.c, the freq can be found in the freq table of GCC_GP1_CLK. + if (ret) + printk("clk set rate fail, ret = %d\n", ret); + + ret = clk_prepare_enable(pclk); // By default this will enable clock as PWM with 50% duty cycle. + if (ret) + printk("%s: clk_prepare error!!!\n", __func__); + else + printk("%s: clk_prepare success!\n", __func__); + Copy to clipboard 4. 如果不使用時脈或 PWM，請呼叫 `clk_disable_unprepare()` 停用時脈以便省電。 備註 請務必先呼叫 `clk_prepare_enable()`，再呼叫 `clk_disable_unprepare()`。 5. 若要產生所需的工作週期，請在 `clk_prepare_enable` API 之後呼叫 `clk_set_duty_cycle()` API。 ## 從使用者空間配置 GPIO 從使用者空間使用 `libgpiod` 函式庫控制 GPIO，以獲得更好的效能。 1. 若要從主機電腦編譯並推送 `libgpiod` 函式庫，請執行以下操作： 1. 若要安裝 Arm^®^ (Arm64) 工具鏈，請執行以下命令： sudo apt install gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu Copy to clipboard sudo apt install binutils-aarch64-linux-gnu Copy to clipboard 2. 若要從 [libgpiod 1.6.4.tar.xz](https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/libs/libgpiod/libgpiod-1.6.4.tar.xz) 下載並擷取 libgpiod 原始碼，請執行以下命令： wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/libs/libgpiod/libgpiod-1.6.4.tar.xz Copy to clipboard tar xvf libgpiod-1.6.4.tar.xz Copy to clipboard cd libgpiod-1.6.4 Copy to clipboard 3. 若要配置靜態連結的原始碼，請執行以下命令： ./configure --enable-tools=yes --build x86_64-pc-linux-gnu --host aarch64-linux-gnu CFLAGS="-static -static-libgcc -Wl,-static,--start-group,/usr/lib/gcc-cross/aarch64-linux-gnu/7.5.0/libgcc.a,/usr/lib/gcc-cross/aarch64-linux-gnu/7.5.0/libgcc_eh.a,/usr/aarch64-linux-gnu/lib/libc.a,--end-group" Copy to clipboard 4. 若要編譯函式庫，請執行下列命令： make Copy to clipboard 備註 編譯會建立連結的二進位檔案。 5. 若要建置靜態連結的二進位檔案，請執行以下命令： aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -static -o tools/gpiodetect tools/gpiodetect.o tools/tools-common.o -Wl,-L/libgpiod-1.6.4/lib/.libs,-lgpiod,-lpthread,-static Copy to clipboard aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -static -o tools/gpioget tools/gpioget.o tools/tools-common.o -Wl,-L/libgpiod-1.6.4/lib/.libs,-lgpiod,-lpthread,-static Copy to clipboard aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -static -o tools/gpioset tools/gpioset.o tools/tools-common.o -Wl,-L/libgpiod-1.6.4/lib/.libs,-lgpiod,-lpthread,-static Copy to clipboard aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -static -o tools/gpiofind tools/gpiofind.o tools/tools-common.o -Wl,-L/libgpiod-1.6.4/lib/.libs,-lgpiod,-lpthread,-static Copy to clipboard aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -static -o tools/gpioinfo tools/gpioinfo.o tools/tools-common.o -Wl,-L/libgpiod-1.6.4/lib/.libs,-lgpiod,-lpthread,-static Copy to clipboard aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -static -o tools/gpiomon tools/gpiomon.o tools/tools-common.o -Wl,-L/libgpiod-1.6.4/lib/.libs,-lgpiod,-lpthread,-static Copy to clipboard 2. 若要在編譯後將二進位檔案推送至裝置，請執行 `scp` 命令。比如： scp gpioinfo root@:/path/to/directory/on/device Copy to clipboard 將二進位檔案推送至裝置後，在裝置上執行以下命令以與 GPIO 互動： 1. 使用 `gpiodetect` 和 `gpioinfo` 命令列出 GPIO 晶片和線路。以下範例呈現 GPIO 晶片資訊： sh-5.2# ./gpiodetect gpiochip0 [c440000.spmi:pmic@8:pinctrl@c00] (12 lines) gpiochip1 [c440000.spmi:pmic@1:gpio@8800] (10 lines) gpiochip2 [c440000.spmi:pmic@2:gpio@8800] (9 lines) gpiochip3 [c440000.spmi:pmic@0:gpio@b000] (4 lines) gpiochip4 [f100000.pinctrl] (176 lines) gpiochip5 [33c0000.pinctrl] (15 lines) Copy to clipboard 以下範例呈現 GPIO 線路： sh-5.2# ./gpioinfo gpiochip5 gpiochip5 - 15 lines: line 0: unnamed unused input active-high line 1: unnamed unused input active-high line 2: unnamed unused input active-high line 3: unnamed unused input active-high line 4: unnamed unused input active-high line 5: unnamed unused input active-high line 6: unnamed unused input active-high line 7: unnamed unused input active-high line 8: unnamed unused input active-high line 9: unnamed unused input active-high line 10: unnamed unused input active-high line 11: unnamed unused input active-high line 12: unnamed unused input active-high line 13: unnamed unused input active-high line 14: unnamed unused input active-high Copy to clipboard 2. 使用 `gpioset` 命令設定 GPIO 值。例如，若要在 `gpiochip4` 上設定 `GPIO line 0`，請執行以下操作： sh-5.2# ./gpioset gpiochip4 0=1 sh-5.2# ./gpioinfo gpiochip4 gpiochip4 - 176 lines: line 0: unnamed unused output active-high line 1: unnamed unused input active-high Copy to clipboard 3. 使用 `gpioget` 命令讀取 GPIO 值。例如，若要在 `gpiochip4` 上讀取 `GPIO line 0` 的值，請執行以下操作： sh-5.2# ./gpioget gpiochip4 0 1 sh-5.2# ./gpioinfo gpiochip4 gpiochip4 - 176 lines: line 0: unnamed unused input active-high line 1: unnamed unused input active-high Copy to clipboard Last Published: Jan 01, 2026 [Previous Topic 配置動態電壓和頻率縮放 (DVFS) 調節器](https://docs.qualcomm.com/bundle/publicresource/80-70020-3TC/topics/dynamic-clock-and-voltage-scaling-dcvs.md) [Next Topic 即時 (RT) 核心概覽](https://docs.qualcomm.com/bundle/publicresource/80-70020-3TC/topics/real_time_kernel_overview.md)