# Troubleshoot build and flash issues

Resolve the most common build and flash problems with the fixes below. Each build issue lists the error message and the commands that resolve it.

## Resolve build issues

1. Match the error message to the fix.
2. Apply the commands for the error you see.

> 
> 
> - `OOM killed` - Increase swap to more than 32 GB.
> 
> 
> free -h
>         sudo swapoff /swapfile
>         sudo fallocate -l 64G /swapfile
>         sudo chmod 600 /swapfile && sudo mkswap /swapfile && sudo swapon /swapfile
>         Copy to clipboard
> - `locale.Error` - For unsupported locale setting, generate and set the locale.
> 
> 
> sudo locale-gen en_US.UTF-8
>         sudo update-locale LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 LANG=en_US.UTF-8
>         export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 LANG=en_US.UTF-8
>         Copy to clipboard
> - `pyinotify` - For no space left on device (ENOSPC), raise the inotify watch limit.
> 
> 
> sudo sh -c 'echo 1048576 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches'
>         Copy to clipboard

## Resolve flash issues

QDL-based flashing has no known errors. If flashing fails, recover with the following steps.

1. Power off the device.
2. Disconnect the USB cable from the host.
3. Restart the host and retry.

## Flash image files

The flash directories contain the boot-critical images, partition tables, and tooling. Use the descriptions to identify each file during flashing and debug.

The following table describes the flash image files.

| Filename | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `*.mbn / *.elf` | Boot-critical images |
| `gpt_main*.bin` | Primary GUID partition table |
| `gpt_backup*.bin` | Secondary GUID partition table |
| `rootfs.img` | Root file system image |
| `rawprogram*.xml` | Partition layout and flash programming information |
| `efi.bin` | EFI system partition image |
| `qdl` | QDL flashing tool binary |
| `dtb.bin` | Bundled device tree binaries |

Last Published: Sep 29, 2026

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